Sunday, March 31, 2024
City 40
The Soviet Union was always secretive, but during the Cold War the outside world got hardly any information on what was going on behind the Iron Curtain. Only after the USSR collapsed in 1991 did we learn about the particulars of the Soviet nuclear program, including entire cities that were forbidden territory and kept classified even from their near neighbors. Sure, most of the US didn't know what was going on in Oak Ridge or Los Alamos during World War, but that was temporary. The Americans working in those places knew it wasn't going to be a life sentence. City 40, on the other hand, was like a high-class, luxurious prison for nuclear scientists, technicians, and their families. Weird things happened in City 40, including a nuclear disaster and a story of alien adoption during those secret years. Now known as Ozersk, the city is clearly identified on Russian maps made after the Soviet Union dissolved. (via Digg)
Candlepin Bowling
Candlepin bowling is dying out, but Autumn Mowery of Ellsworth, Maine, is doing her best to keep the sport alive, and keep D'Amanda's Bowling Alley open. But she's dealing with antique machines that you can't get parts for, no one knows how to repair them, and she can't get insurance so she can hire help. (via Neatorama)
Sneaky Snails
Have you ever looked at a rolled tape measure and thought it resembled a snail? You can bet that Joseph Herscher did. He's the genius behind Joseph's Machines. Herscher rounded up a bunch of sneaky snails and rigged them with their own Rube Goldberg contraption designed to fetch a head of lettuce for dinner. Or it might be a cabbage. You may have to watch more than once, as there are plenty of magnets and springs involved, not to mention googly eyes. We hope to see these sneaky snails again! (via Boing Boing)
Tweet of the Day
It's Sweden. They've been inside for their own good. (via Everlasting Blort)Cows jump for joy after seeing the grass for the first time in 6 months..🐄😍 pic.twitter.com/fcYAR1yiCb
— 𝕐o̴g̴ (@Yoda4ever) February 19, 2024
Saturday, March 30, 2024
The Right Stuff
The 1983 film The Right Stuff follows the Mercury 7 astronauts as they prepare for NASA's first manned space flights. It stars Sam Shepard, Scott Glenn, Fred Ward, Dennis Quaid, Barbara Hershey, and Ed Harris as John Glenn. There was some controversy over showing the film in 1984 because John Glenn was running for president that year. The Right Stuff was a big hit, but the real Mercury astronauts didn't like it.
Honest Trailer: Madame Web
The Marvel movie Madame Web opened on Valentine's Day and made quite a splash with scathing reviews from all corners. What it did not make was much money. While the movie, starring Dakota Johnson as the superhero Madame Web, reached expectations in its opening week, the box office take sank every day afterward, and Madame Web barely made back its production budget, barely touching its promotional expenses. The movie became a meme as a metaphor for how bad Marvel films have progressively become, and was compared to Morpheus, which became a joke. What does Screen Junkies think of Madame Web? You can imagine, but it's much worse than that, as you'll see in this Honest Trailer.
Types of Government Structures Explained
The Paint Explainer goes through 21 words we use to describe how governments work. These terms are not mutually exclusive; most countries can be described legitimately as a combination of two more more types. When people are criticizing a government, they can use any number of these terms. In fact, you can make up a word and put the Greek suffix "cracy" on it to describe a government. And you'll have to study history to find examples of these terms, and how they can change over time. This comment https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtUg_itWEz8&lc=UgyRCzPCnu0UQJaLZfN4AaABAg has a list of the terms, in case you want to look one up and read more. They have a sponsor now; the skippable ad runs from about 5:25 to 6:40. (via Laughing Squid)
Flying Chainsaw
Those crazy Finns! These farmers put a remote-control chainsaw on a heavy-duty drone to create the most terrifying weapon ever conceived. The kind of thing that chases you in your worst nightmares. What could possibly go wrong?
What can defeat the mighty remote-control flying chainsaw? The end illustrates our best defense against such a weapon. Sure, this is more cinema magic than real danger, but anyone clever enough to fake this is probably smart enough to make this (for real) if they were so inclined. (via Digg)
Friday, March 29, 2024
The Spider Within: A Spider-Verse Story
Miles Morales is struggling with the pressures of being a teenager in the modern world and the stress of fighting crime and injustice as Spider-Man. His depression turns into anxiety and then to paranoia and a panic attack as he confronts the demon this is himself. Luckily, he doesn't have to deal with all this alone.
Sony Pictures Animation made this video to bring attention to the Kevin Love Fund which encourages those with mental health struggles to seek help. They even have a mental health lesson plan to go along with this video. (via Geeks Are Sexy)
The Elevator
Getting on an elevator with your boss can be stressful, but it's much worse when your boss has the power of life and death over you. You just want to fade into the background, but this stormtrooper named TK-FNG is the only one there besides Darth Vader. And to make things worse, Vader has the hiccups. Can this stormtrooper keep his cool all the way to his floor?
Peter Haynes created this video as part of his For The Empire series, in which TK-FNG is a recurring character. You can see all the episodes in this playlist.
Miss Cellania's Links
Dogs’ brain activity shows they recognize the names of objects.
Find the Glasses on the Bed.
Dragon’s Dogma 2 is gritty, janky, goofy, tough, and lots of fun.
How to Store Cucumbers So They Stay Extra Crunchy. Plus recipes for both fresh cukes and those that have started softening.
Michigan State Rep complains that busloads of immigrants are invading Detroit. It's the Gonzaga men's basketball team. (via Fark)
A recent analysis by USC reveals that medical documents dating back 2,500 years rarely mention severe memory loss, indicating that modern times’ widespread dementia stems from modern environments and lifestyles. (via Damn Interesting)
How to Send Fan Mail to Mona Lisa. (via Metafilter)
A Blast from the Past (2016): The Real Story Behind "The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll".
Marble Mountain
Ben Tardif spent three years designing and building an intricate marble machine he calls Marble Mountain. It has everything- ramps, stairs, slides, a castle, a luge run, a ski jump, a golf course, a bowling alley, and so much more. He says it’s not yet complete, but it’s complete enough that he can turn it on and show us what it does.
-It has a footprint of 12' x 8' and stands 8' tallGive him a couple more years and this will be a monster. See more of Tardif’s project at Instagram. (via Tastefully Offensive)
-The material of the tracks and supports consist almost entirely of wood
-Everything is custom-made from materials bought mostly from craft and hardware stores (mainly Michaels and Home Depot)
-The lift is 11 feet long, holds 90 marbles at once, and rotates at 1 revolution per second (60 RPM)
-It takes at least 250 marbles to keep it running without delay, but looks better with 300
-There are 32 possible paths for the marbles
-There are 14 rockers that distribute the marbles onto the different paths
-The first year and a half of construction happened in my apartment before moving to a small warehouse
-The original design was smaller and not as cool, so a redesign took place making it much bigger and morphed into a half-conical shape with the lift right down the middle
-I do know how much it cost to make thus far but even my finaceé doesn't know that number
-It takes just under an hour to set up or tear down Marble Mountain
-Since it is modular, I could remove a section and rebuild it as something else as long as the tracks matched up with the other pieces
Thursday, March 28, 2024
Barabbas
The 1961 film Barabbas stars Anthony Quinn as the prisoner who is pardoned while Jesus was sentenced to death. The plot is not found in the Bible, as Barabbas was only mentioned in passing, but is based on Pär Lagerkvist's 1950 novel. However, it's a pretty compelling story of the later life of the man who escaped death by crucifixion, and it still gets high ratings. What's unique about this film is the eclipse that happens while Christ is crucified. Director Richard Fleischer delayed the shooting schedule so that he could film the scene during the solar eclipse of February 15, 1961. Now, that's attention to detail.
If Cashiers Behaved Like Self-Checkouts
I use the self-checkout at some stores, but not others. One store has easy machines, just scan, scan, scan, and put in your credit card and get a receipt. There is a screen with instructions, but you don't have to read it because the machine just works. Then there are the self checkouts like this one shown above, in which nothing you do is right and the machine is rather hostile about it. It is unreasonably fixated on the bagging area, urges you to hurry up, and will give up at the first chance. Ryan George again plays all the parts, including the self checkout machine itself, to show us what kind of personality it has in human terms. Not a good one. Yes, if the self checkout machine were a person, it would be a bully.
Ryan Gosling vs. French Bulldog
Ryan Gosling memorably sang the song "I'm just Ken" from the movie Barbie at the Oscar awards ceremony earlier this month. The performance sparked a sense of deja vu for The Kiffness because it reminded him of the singing bulldog that went viral five years ago. Therefore, he couldn't resist editing together a mashup of the two. So who does it better- Walter Geoffrey's French bulldog or the movie star? Neither are professional singers, and that's okay, but personally, I can't help but be drawn to the bulldog's performance. It's just so emotional!
Miss Cellania's Links
Car Terms I Learned From Song Lyrics: Charabanc.
Which Grocery Chain Has the Best Prices in America?
D.E.I. is weakening America, and it's got to go! The latest from Tom the Dancing Bug.
The Introvert Test. Alasdair Beckett-King nails it.
How did the Big Bang get its name? Here’s the real story. (via Damn Interesting)
How Do You Make a Freezer Colder?
A Texas man changed his name to Literally Anybody Else to take advantage of the slogan to run for president. He's not helping. (via Digg)
9 Misconceptions About Popular Songs and Misheard Lyrics. You can also listen to the article in video form.
The 100 Greatest Before the Kill Movie One-Liners
What’s the greatest thing you can say right before you kill someone? Or conversely, what’s the most fearsome last thing a bad guy could hear before he gets it? Burger Fiction gives us 100 examples from movies you may or may not recall. I’m sure you’ve seen the majority of them. Some became catch phrases, while others will spark your memory for the first time in years. Contains NSFW language. (via Tastefully Offensive)
Tweet of the Day
Yeah, this looks weird. Several people made jokes about a cervix playing pinball with a fetus. One person guessed a digestive problem. But doctors who know recognized a blood clot in the left atrium of the heart. If it gets loose, it can cause a stroke, heart attack, or pulmonary embolism.Here’s the most adorable yet scariest Echo I’ve ever seen
— Sam Ghali, M.D. (@EM_RESUS) March 22, 2024
What’s the diagnosis? pic.twitter.com/pMsFaukr5Q
Wednesday, March 27, 2024
Women's History Month Quiz
Jimmy Kimmel's staff went out for a "man on the street"segment to see how men recognize famous women from history- or even current events. I got them all until they got into the celebrities, but it becomes clear pretty fast what they were going for.
Actors Who Died With Unfinished Roles
What happens to a movie when a star dies during filming? It happens, and studios take out insurance on their main cast, but how the production handles that in regards to the completed movie depends on how much of the role was completed, how important the character is to the story, and the whims of the producers. Different movies took different tactics, with varying levels of tastefulness. Plan 9 From Outer Space had no budget, so when Bela Lugosi died during production, a much taller stand-in took the role and held his cape over most of his face for his scenes. Other productions, both movies and TV series, put a bit more thought into how to handle the death of a star, as you will see in this compilation from Weird History.
Vacationing in the US
How the Dinosaurs Actually Died
We know that the Chicxulub asteroid impact 66 million years ago causes massive changes in earth's condition that led to the extinction of the dinosaurs. Or do we? More recent research leads to a possible second culprit, the Deccan Traps, a system of volcanos now in western India. Their activity before the asteroid showed up caused massive climate change, carbon dioxide poisoning, and acid rain, which may have been the death knell of the dinosaurs and a lot of other species. If this was the case, then the Chicxulub impact could have been just the cherry on top of the mass extinction event that began earlier. Kurzgesagt explains the Deccan Traps and how it would have impacted life on earth before the asteroid showed up.
Miss Cellania's Links
A High-Tech Self-Defense Bra.
Furiosa: A Mad Max Saga Will Introduce a New Kind of Character to the Mad Max Movie Universe. The History Man might be a huge deal for this film franchise.
Karl von Drais And The Laufmaschine. The first bicycle! (via Strange Company)
That time Eric Clapton fell in love with George Harrison's wife. (via Nag on the Lake)
A Brief History of Metal Umlauts. (via TYWKIWDBI)
A death from kidney disease blamed on "red yeast rice" supplement; 50 people hospitalized. This stuff is sold in the US, too. (Thanks, Big Al Stonebender!)
A Stimulating History of Free Condoms at the Olympics.
Desperately seeking the Pickle Sisters. (via Everlasting Blort)
25 Years Later, We’re All Trapped in The Matrix. (via Metafilter)
Do Blind People Understand Vision?
Someone asked Tommy Edison how much he understands about vision. He’s been blind since birth, so it’s a foreign concept to him, but he’s interacted with sighted people enough to know that we do things that make no sense to him. Sure, you can explain how stereoscopic vision works to give us depth perception, but never having been able to see it in action, he can’t wrap his head around it. As always, Edison is cheerful, honest, and always ready to make a wisecrack.
Tweet of the Day
"One of us! One of us!" (via Everlasting Blort)Wild Dogs see a Domesticated Dog pic.twitter.com/EUBCN4H5V8
— Nature is Amazing ☘️ (@AMAZlNGNATURE) March 9, 2024
Tuesday, March 26, 2024
Mill Ends Park Helps to Keep Portland Weird
Portland tour guide Adam Thorn Smith takes us to Mill Ends Park, which has the distinction of being the smallest park in the world. The Guinness Book of World records says so. The Portland Parks and Recreation department says so. The actual tour is kind of short, by necessity, but Smith has the history of the park from the charming story of how it came about to how it achieved the world record to recent renovations. The people of Portland should be proud. (via Laughing Squid)
Woman Makes Desperate Move After Husband Steals Cat
Lindsey rescued a tiny, neglected kitten and fell in love with him. Her boyfriend Drew was open to adopting him, although he'd never had a cat before. So Lindsey raised Roswell, a sweet polydactyl cat, and married Drew. How did Roswell repay her for her kindness? By becoming Dave's cat. Roswell was pretty blatant about how much he loved Drew and preferred him to Lindsey, making Lindsey jealous over the man's relationship to her cat. Then one day Lindsey tried an experiment to find out what it was about Drew that made Roswell cling to him so much. It's a pretty funny story. You can see more of Roswell and his family at Instagram. Oh yeah, and I would recommend loratadine for that allergy.
Sheep
Ilia Malinin, Spin Artist
I don't know a lot about figure skating, but 19-year-old Ilia Malinin of Reston, Virginia, is very good. They tell us that it is nigh impossible to jump in the air and spin around four times, but he does it over and over, six times in all in this routine that won him the world championship in figure skating Saturday night in Montreal. On top of that, this routine received the highest score ever in the sport. Malinin comes by his talent honestly, by having two Olympic skaters as parents and training since he was six. Malinin's performance is only five minutes; the rest of the video is slo-mo replays and everyone talking about how great it was. (via Digg)
Miss Cellania's Links
Against the odds, a tiny Icelandic town speaks of a local Black ancestor. Geneticists and historians combine forces to uncover the man’s eventful life. (via Strange Company)
The Heartbreaking Saga of a (Temporarily) Lonely Cat.
Lane’s Gambit. The onetime chess phenom walked away from the game years ago. She was happier for it. (via Kottke)
A Lenten Soup So Good the Memory of It Lasts a Whole Year. Find the recipe for fanesca here. (via Nag on the Lake)
This Extremely Rare Neurological Condition Makes Faces Appear Distorted or ‘Like a Demon.’
Prehistoric creature named after Kermit the Frog offers clues on amphibian evolution, scientists say. (via Metafilter)
What Is American Cheese, Anyway? Spoiler: nothing you should be afraid of.
This House Is Everything Everywhere All At Once.
Comic Con Kids
Look at this adorable BB-8 cosplayer! Kayla has a costume that’s both realistic and maneuverable, depending on whether you are standing or sitting. Then she greets the Xenomorph from Alien, who is really her sister. These two were spotted at Wonder Con 2016 wearing costumes by their parents William and Nikki Miyamoto, the same couple responsible for this. (via Geeks Are Sexy)
Tweet of the Day
(via Digg)A Look at months earnings in the laundrette business
— Science girl (@gunsnrosesgirl3) March 22, 2024
📹 laundromatmoney
pic.twitter.com/spM9lGUGMr
Monday, March 25, 2024
The Hidden Pooper
Isack van Ostade’s 1643 oil painting A Village Fair, With a Church Behind was restored for an exhibit in 2015. Restorer Adelaide Izat carefully stripped the old, yellowed varnish from the painting, she noticed that a section in the lower right part of the painting had been painted over at some point. Someone had added bushes to the scene, but why? Read more about this act of censorship at Mental Floss.
Attention
If College Sports Were Honest
It's March Madness time, when college sports outshine everything else, so how about an Honest Ad for the NCAA? This video puts the sponsor message at the beginning, so you can skip to 1:12 to see the skit. Then Roger Horton does his thing exposing the seedy underbelly of the exploitation of the student athlete. The NCAA is the NPAA here, for obvious reasons. The controversy about "amateur athletes" in the Olympics was that some countries followed the rules while others didn't, and we eventually had to change the rules to make the competition fair. For college athletics, the problem is that everyone in the business makes oodles of money, from coaches to administrators to TV networks to bookies to scalpers to hotels, everyone except for the college players who actually do the work to make the system worth watching. For them, college sports is like an unpaid internship, where their future is a gamble and they might or might not have time to actually earn a degree. This video contains NSFW language.
The Best Wheel of Fortune Contestant Ever?
Watch an entire episode of Wheel of Fortune in less than two minutes, as Robert Santoli breezes through each puzzle like he is psychic or something. It wasn’t just luck; he prepared for this, but he also thinks fast on his feet.
Tweet of the Day
(via Everlasting Blort)Kumpo is a religious tradition originating from the Diola people in Senegal and Gambia, involving a straw puppet that supposedly dances on its own, embodying a spiritual guardian.
— Wolf of X (@tradingMaxiSL) March 16, 2024
The dance is performed during the Fudu festival to honor ancestral spirits.
📹 amplifyafrica pic.twitter.com/UrvopuK0TO
Sunday, March 24, 2024
Banned and Controversial Foods
Warning: do not watch this video while you are enjoying a meal, because you won't be enjoying it so much. Sam O'Nella Academy runs down several dishes that are considered delicacies in various places or at various times in the past, but aren't allowed to be imported to the US or are else a really bad idea for one reason or another. Some have to be prepared just so or they are dangerous, others are infringing on species that we should be protecting, and some are just contrary to what we expect to eat. These include casu martzu, shark fin soup, ackee, bird's nest soup, and ortolan. The ones you've heard of may make you curious about the ones you haven't, or maybe you dread learning about them. This video contains a little NSFW language and some gross drawings.
Kenworthy Hall
Princess once worked for a museum in Savannah, Georgia, and would take tourists on tours of the old buildings in the downtown area. She pointed out the architecture, opulent details, and craftsmanship and ended each spiel with "all built by slave labor." That's the key to the grandeur of so many of the magnificent old homes of the South. In this video, we get a short history of Kenworthy Hall in Marion, Alabama.
Potatoes
A quiz show on Radio Merseyside tries their best to draw the correct answer out of a contestant, but she’s not getting it at all! I don’t think she ever did.
Saturday, March 23, 2024
15 Note Poly Tempo Pendulum
Jeremie Carrier demonstrates "an amazing sweep of the rythmic subdivision spectrum!" He record himself 15 times, each time playing a steady beat of one note, but each recording is of a different note and a different beat. The tempos vary by only two beats per minute from one video to the next. Then all the videos were edited together. What we get is a beat that becomes more discordant, but then several of the notes will play a tune of sorts, then veer off from each other, and another set of notes will then stand out as if they were playing a tune. It's no symphony, but it gets more interesting as it goes. Carrier rang a bell to show us where a new "movement" begins. At five minutes and five seconds, all the notes and beats line up again as they were in the beginning. Cool.
As I listened, this started to sound familiar. The very first post I ever published at Neatorama was for a geometric music generator called the Whitney Music Box that produced this exact same effect. (via Laughing Squid)
Escaped Tiger Captured
Zoos in Japan train their employees for the possibility that one of the animals might escape. They can't use real animals for these training sessions, so they improvise with employees in costume. The zookeepers at the Tobu Zoo practiced capturing an escaped white tiger. The scenario was that an earthquake had broken the glass of the enclosure, freeing the tiger. The drill was apparently successful, and the "tiger" was defeated by a tranquilizer gun. It's not clear whether the tranquilizer was real, but if so, the employee probably got the rest of the day off.
While it's always good to know the protocol in advance, an actual escape would confront zookeepers with an animal that is much stronger, faster, and more bitey than any human could hope to portray. (via Boing Boing)
Haint Blue
The Low Country in South Carolina and adjoining states was once full of rice plantations, and enslaved people were brought in from from West Africa, particularly Sierra Leone, for their expertise in cultivating rice. Their descendants are the Gullah people, who preserved their languages and traditions brought from West Africa. Another crop that was concentrated in the Low Country is indigo, which produces a blue dye coveted around the world before synthetic blue dyes were developed. The blue color has spiritual meaning to the Gullah. The tradition of painting one's porch blue, particularly the ceiling, is to protect the houses from haints that would otherwise bedevil the inhabitants. The custom spread across the South when it became clear that "haint blue" also helped control insects. In the South, controlling insects is crucial. You'll still see porches with haint blue on the ceiling, because it's pretty and it's traditional, even though the paint no longer contains indigo nor lime.
The Costanza Breakups
There was an AskReddit thread about “What is the most George Costanza-esque reason you broke up with someone?” Lacey Levitt took three of those stories and made a video, in which I learn what a George Constanza reason is. I didn’t watch enough Seinfeld to really know. (via reddit)
Friday, March 22, 2024
The Curve
The YouTube channel called The Turn is all about one curve in the road. It appears that people pay no heed to the warning signs and take the curve at full speed, with predictable results. We don't know where it is, but TheOGturn lives nearby and has a camera. TheOGturn tells us the speed limit is 25-30 mph on the road, and there are warning signs in both directions about the curve, with recommended speed of 15-20 mph for the curve. He also says there have been no injuries on that curve since he's lived there, but plenty of damaged cars and bruised egos.
This is his first compilation video. We start off in winter, when you should be driving well under the recommended speed on snow-covered roads. But starting at #12, it's good weather. Starting at #14, they have sound, so be ready. (via Jalopnik)
Arthur's First Year
Laurence Brown normally talks about the difference between Britain and the US, but this is purely a slice of life video. It's about his dog Arthur, who is a year old now. He loves that little dog.
40 Famous Optical Illusions
Psst! Do you want to see a lot of optical illusions in one sitting? Get ready, because The Paint Explainer is going to go through forty (40!) of them in this video. See, our eyes are amazing devices, sensing light in all its variations of shade, color, and movement, translating it into signals that go to our brain. Our brains are even more amazing, because they take those signals and translate them back into information we can use, in an instant, so we can negotiate the world around us. To keep up the pace, our brains take shortcuts based on what is familiar to us. The brain relies on the world being consistent in order to make these leaps in perception that give us those shortcuts. When something messes with our brains' "rules" for interpreting visual signals, we get optical illusions. While they can be confusing, they are also fun to see, and even more fun to understand. Still, since there are so many in this one video, you might want to see a few and take a break, then go back for the rest in short sessions. (via Geeks Are Sexy)
Miss Cellania's Links
That's What You call a Bumpy Train Ride!
Our First Look at Beetlejuice Beetlejuice. The sequel has been 36 years in the making.
17 astounding scientific mysteries that researchers can’t yet solve. Each question is presented in text and has the relevant podcast attached in case you want to learn more about a specific question.
Kitten Season Is a 'Natural Disaster' That's Only Getting Worse.
Don’t Tell America the Babysitter’s Dead. For decades, sitting was a both a job and a rite of passage. (via Metafilter)
An Arizona state senator with a non-viable pregnancy had to, by law, bleed through a waiting period, get a vaginal ultrasound, and then listen to a lecture on adoption before she could get a medically necessary D&C. Video here. (via Boing Boing)
10 Places That No Longer Exist. You can still find postcards of some of them.
Why Dutch Golden Age Portraitists Loved Painting Exaggerated Facial Expressions.
Observe the Deadly Plot Twists Eclipses Trigger in Movies.
Roll the Old Chariot
David Coffin sings the classic sea shanty “Roll the Old Chariot” at the 2010 Portsmouth Maritime Folk Festival. A good time was had by all. (via reddit)
Thursday, March 21, 2024
Treasure Piles
"Are we looking at the same thing?" The visuals in a video game sometimes don't quite match up with what you can really play with. Did I saw sometimes? I meant every time! That's a lesson young people learn early when first playing video games featuring a treasure. The visuals show you a deceptively glistening treasure that fills the entire room, like the kind Scrooge McDuck swims through for fun. Yet the actual usable loot you can take with you is rather tiny. It should act as a warning before you buy something you saw on the internet to be shipped overseas and can never return. Those you may pay dearly for. (via Geeks Are Sexy)